Atomic absorption device

Atomic absorption spectroscopy or spectroscopy is based on the principle of light absorption by free atoms. All atoms absorb light at their own wavelength (based on the atom’s energy requirement). In other words, each element at a particular wavelength absorbs light and absorbs no light at other wavelengths. For example, in a sample with several elements (suppose copper, lead, iron, and nickel), copper absorbs only light that has the characteristics of Cu Cu wavelength. In addition, the amount of light absorbed is directly proportional to the number of elements in the path of light. Atomic absorption apparatus is a laboratory equipment that has many applications in the analysis of elements, especially heavy metals.

Lambert Beer’s Law on Atomic Absorption

In practice, measuring the amount of light absorbed by a standard solution at a specified concentration in an atomic absorption device can lead to a standard curve. Then by comparing these data with the amount of light absorbed by the unknown sample with the atomic absorption device, the value of the unknown sample is obtained. According to Lambert’s and Beer’s law, the amount of light absorbed at a given wavelength is directly related to the concentration of atoms in the environment. Lambert Bayer’s law states that the light absorbed in a transparent environment does not depend on the intensity of the light, but rather on each layer of the medium absorbing a constant amount of light. Lambert Bayer’s law states that absorbed light is directly related to the number of light-absorbing atoms in the environment.

Mathematically the amount of light I0 passes through an environment of length X and concentration C, the intensity of the light remaining I after passing through the environment is:

I = I0e-KCX

In this respect K will be the relative constant (absorption coefficient). Thus, the absorption of the medium, or A, is obtained.

A = log (I0 / I) = KCX

This equation shows that the absorption of A in an environment is linearly dependent on the concentration of the light-absorbing atoms in the environment.

Also, the atomic absorption coefficient of each medium (absorption constant) K can also be obtained by drawing a calibration curve containing the amount of absorption measured against different concentrations. The slope of the calibration curve is also easily accessible. In this way, the concentration of unknown samples can also be easily determined based on the absorption values ​​of the points.